A Catalog of Microbial Genes From the Bovine Rumen Unveils a Specialized and Diverse Biomass-Degrading Environment
Background: rumen microbiota provide essential services to host and, through its role in the production of ruminant livestock, contributing to food security and human nutrition. A thorough knowledge of the genetic potential of rumen microbes will provide an opportunity to improve the sustainability of ruminant livestock production systems. Availability catalog reference genes from the gut microbiomes has advanced the understanding of the role of microbiota in health and disease in humans and other mammals. In this work, we established a reference gene catalog prokaryotes from cow’s rumen.
Results: Using our deep metagenome sequencing to identify 13.82588 million non-redundant prokaryotic genes from cow’s rumen. Compared with human, pig and mouse gut metagenome catalog, rumen larger and richer functionality and microbial species associated with the degradation of plant cell wall material and the production of methane. The gene that codes for the enzyme catalyzes the breakdown of plant polysaccharides show a very high wealth that are otherwise not possible to conclude from the available genome sequencing metagenomics or shallow. quickly expanding dataset carbohydrate-degrading enzyme described in the rumen.
Using independent dataset from a group of 77 cows eat four common dietary patterns, we found that only <0.1% of the genes possessed by all animals, which contrasts with large overlap of functions, ie, 63% for KEGG function. Different diet-induced differences in the relative abundance than the presence or absence of the gene, which explains the large livestock adaptation to rapidly adjust to changes in eating patterns.
Conclusions: These data bring new insights into the function, carbohydrate-degrading enzymes, and microbes of the rumen to complement the information available in microbial genomes. Catalog is a significant biological resources enable a better understanding of phenotypic and biological processes and will be expanded as new data are made available.
Catalog exogenous risk factors for bladder carcinogenesis.
The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the latest findings about the risk factors of bladder cancer.Most from the available data come from a retrospective analysis. Smoking is a risk factor for the most common and important. Work, diet, and exogenous exposure to environmental carcinogens, as well as some lifestyle factors can increase the risk of developing bladder cancer cancer.Bladder is a common malignancy worldwide. smoking, exposure to aromatic amines and arsenic are known risk factors for bladder cancer.
Evidence on the risk factors that can be modified such as exposure to a carcinogen derived from dietary or environmental and occupational hazards are still weak. a medical condition that causes chronic inflammation, insulin resistance change, negative modulate the immune system and / or genetic alterations may play a role in carcinogenesis of bladder cancer. Further studies, however, it is necessary to identify possible risks of exogenous factors, as well as their interaction, which gets a part in carcinogenesis of bladder cancer.
 GeneGlide? RNAi Delivery Control |
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| M1082-10 | Biovision | EUR 237.00 | |
GeneGlide? RNAi Delivery Control |
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| M1082-100 | Biovision | EUR 835.00 | |
GeneGlide? RNAi Delivery Control |
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| M1082-50 | Biovision | EUR 495.00 | |
 T7 RNAi Transcription Kit |
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| TR102-01 | Vazyme | 25 rxn | EUR 256.00 |
T7 RNAi Transcription Kit |
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| TR102-02 | Vazyme | 50 rxn | EUR 404.00 |
 pAd/BLOCK-iT-DEST RNAi Gateway Vector |
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| PVT12297 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 1119.00 |
 dsDNA plasmid |
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| 30R-AD006 | Fitzgerald | 1 mg | EUR 994.00 |
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Description: Double stranded DNA plasmid |
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 pAdTrack Plasmid |
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| PVT2001 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 MIGR1 Plasmid |
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| PVT2201 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pLP2 Plasmid |
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| PVT2325 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pUMVC Plasmid |
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| PVT2341 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pBI221 Plasmid |
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| PVT3006 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
 pCAMBIA0380 Plasmid |
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| PVT3009 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 pCAMBIA1200 Plasmid |
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| PVT3010 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 pCAMBIA1300s Plasmid |
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| PVT3012 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 pCAMBIA1303 Plasmid |
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| PVT3015 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pCAMBIA1380 Plasmid |
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| PVT3017 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 345.00 |
 pCAMBIA1381 Plasmid |
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| PVT3018 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 345.00 |
 pCAMBIA2200 Plasmid |
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| PVT3019 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pCAMBIA2300 Plasmid |
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| PVT3020 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pCAMBIA2301 Plasmid |
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| PVT3021 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pCAMBIA3301 Plasmid |
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| PVT3023 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pLXSN Plasmid |
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| PVT3028 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pGWB504 Plasmid |
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| PVT3102 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pTRV1 Plasmid |
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| PVT3200 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pTRV2 Plasmid |
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| PVT3201 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pTCK303 Plasmid |
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| PVT3203 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pPIC3.5K Plasmid |
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| PVT4001 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pPIC9k Plasmid |
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| PVT4003 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pPICZA Plasmid |
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| PVT4004 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pPICZB Plasmid |
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| PVT4005 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pGAPZA Plasmid |
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| PVT4009 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pGAPZB Plasmid |
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| PVT4010 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pGAPZC Plasmid |
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| PVT4011 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pGAPZaA Plasmid |
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| PVT4012 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pABAI Plasmid |
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| PVT4022 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pYES2.0 Plasmid |
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| PVT4029 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pBridge Plasmid |
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| PVT4034 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 YEP352 Plasmid |
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| PVT4038 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pRS313 Plasmid |
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| PVT4039 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRS314 Plasmid |
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| PVT4040 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRS315 Plasmid |
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| PVT4041 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRS316 Plasmid |
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| PVT4042 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRS403 Plasmid |
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| PVT4043 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRS423 Plasmid |
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| PVT4044 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRS424 Plasmid |
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| PVT4045 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRS425 Plasmid |
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| PVT4046 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRS426gal Plasmid |
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| PVT4048 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pHT01 Plasmid |
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| PVT5001 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pHT08 Plasmid |
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| PVT5003 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pHT09 Plasmid |
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| PVT5004 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pHT10 Plasmid |
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| PVT5005 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pHT43 Plasmid |
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| PVT5007 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pAX01 Plasmid |
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| PVT5010 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pMA5 Plasmid |
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| PVT5011 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 pHCMC05 Plasmid |
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| PVT5012 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 pHB201 Plasmid |
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| PVT5013 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pAD123 Plasmid |
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| PVT5014 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pWB980 Plasmid |
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| PVT5015 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 pFastBac1 Plasmid |
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| PVT5101 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pFastBacDual Plasmid |
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| PVT5102 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pFastBacHTA Plasmid |
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| PVT5103 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pFastBacHTB Plasmid |
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| PVT5104 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pFastBacHTC Plasmid |
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| PVT5105 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 283.00 |
 pVL1392 Plasmid |
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| PVT5108 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pAcGP67A Plasmid |
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| PVT5109 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pMG36e Plasmid |
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| PVT5201 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 345.00 |
 pVE5523 Plasmid |
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| PVT5203 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pNZ8148 Plasmid |
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| PVT5205 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 pBARGPE1 Plasmid |
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| PVT5303 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
 pIB139 Plasmid |
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| PVT5501 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
 pOJ446 Plasmid |
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| PVT5502 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
 pJTU1278 Plasmid |
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| PVT5503 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pCS2+ Plasmid |
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| PVT5701 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pLysS Plasmid |
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| PVT5702 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pME6032 Plasmid |
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| PVT5703 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRARE Plasmid |
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| PVT5704 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRK2073 Plasmid |
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| PVT5707 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pREP4 Plasmid |
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| PVT5708 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRK415 Plasmid |
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| PVT5709 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRADK Plasmid |
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| PVT5710 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pHH43 Plasmid |
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| PVT5711 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pKD3 Plasmid |
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| PVT6001 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pKD20 Plasmid |
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| PVT6004 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 pKD46 Plasmid |
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| PVT6005 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pCP20 Plasmid |
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| PVT6006 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pK18mob Plasmid |
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| PVT6007 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 pK18mobSacB Plasmid |
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| PVT6008 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pKC1139 Plasmid |
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| PVT6009 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pWM91 Plasmid |
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| PVT6011 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pJQ200 Plasmid |
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| PVT6012 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 pJQ200KS Plasmid |
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| PVT6013 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 pJQ200SK Plasmid |
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| PVT6014 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pDM4 Plasmid |
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| PVT6015 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pSG13 Plasmid |
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| PVT6016 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 pSH47 Plasmid |
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| PVT6017 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 pUG6 Plasmid |
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| PVT6018 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 262.00 |
 pSUP202 Plasmid |
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| PVT6019 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRE112 Plasmid |
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| PVT6020 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pUTKM1 Plasmid |
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| PVT6021 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pNI_v2 Plasmid |
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| PVT6200 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pNG_v2 Plasmid |
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| PVT6201 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pNN_v2 Plasmid |
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| PVT6202 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pHD_v2 Plasmid |
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| PVT6203 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pX260 Plasmid |
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| PVT6300 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pX330 Plasmid |
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| PVT6301 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 PX334 Plasmid |
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| PVT6302 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 PX335 Plasmid |
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| PVT6303 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 PX458 Plasmid |
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| PVT6304 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 PX459 Plasmid |
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| PVT6305 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 PX461 Plasmid |
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| PVT6307 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 PX462 Plasmid |
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| PVT6308 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pX551 Plasmid |
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| PVT6310 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pX552 Plasmid |
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| PVT6311 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pX601 Plasmid |
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| PVT6312 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pX602 Plasmid |
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| PVT6313 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pCas9 Plasmid |
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| PVT6317 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 345.00 |
 pCRCT Plasmid |
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| PVT6325 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pKOV Plasmid |
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| PVT6331 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pCRISPR Plasmid |
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| PVT6333 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pCRISPRyl Plasmid |
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| PVT6335 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pCAS Plasmid |
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| PVT6336 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 Taq Plasmid |
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| PVT7001 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 EK Plasmid |
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| PVT7004 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 TEV Plasmid |
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| PVT7006 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 UDG Plasmid |
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| PVT7010 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 SSB Plasmid |
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| PVT7011 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 DL2000 Plasmid |
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| PVT7012 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 SCN7A Plasmid |
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| PVT7102 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 LGALS13 Plasmid |
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| PVT7105 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 IL6 Plasmid |
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| PVT7109 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 AFP Plasmid |
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| PVT7110 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 GSK3B Plasmid |
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| PVT7113 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
The Youth Data Center (ADH) is the first and largest data catalog is specially developed to focus on open access of data in adolescents in low and middle income countries (LMICs). Developed by the Population Council Girl Innovation, Research and Education (GIRL) Center, and was launched in August 2018, ADH has grown to include more than 750 data sources in accordance with the inclusion criteria of (1) self-reported data from the female and / or males between the ages of 10 and 24 years; (2) one or more rounds of data collected in 2000 or later; (3) The data collected in one or more LMICs; (4) the data are publicly available for download and use