A Catalog of Microbial Genes From the Bovine Rumen Unveils a Specialized and Diverse Biomass-Degrading Environment
Background: rumen microbiota provide essential services to host and, through its role in the production of ruminant livestock, contributing to food security and human nutrition. A thorough knowledge of the genetic potential of rumen microbes will provide an opportunity to improve the sustainability of ruminant livestock production systems. Availability catalog reference genes from the gut microbiomes has advanced the understanding of the role of microbiota in health and disease in humans and other mammals. In this work, we established a reference gene catalog prokaryotes from cow’s rumen.
Results: Using our deep metagenome sequencing to identify 13.82588 million non-redundant prokaryotic genes from cow’s rumen. Compared with human, pig and mouse gut metagenome catalog, rumen larger and richer functionality and microbial species associated with the degradation of plant cell wall material and the production of methane. The gene that codes for the enzyme catalyzes the breakdown of plant polysaccharides show a very high wealth that are otherwise not possible to conclude from the available genome sequencing metagenomics or shallow. quickly expanding dataset carbohydrate-degrading enzyme described in the rumen.
Using independent dataset from a group of 77 cows eat four common dietary patterns, we found that only <0.1% of the genes possessed by all animals, which contrasts with large overlap of functions, ie, 63% for KEGG function. Different diet-induced differences in the relative abundance than the presence or absence of the gene, which explains the large livestock adaptation to rapidly adjust to changes in eating patterns.
Conclusions: These data bring new insights into the function, carbohydrate-degrading enzymes, and microbes of the rumen to complement the information available in microbial genomes. Catalog is a significant biological resources enable a better understanding of phenotypic and biological processes and will be expanded as new data are made available.
Catalog exogenous risk factors for bladder carcinogenesis.
The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the latest findings about the risk factors of bladder cancer.Most from the available data come from a retrospective analysis. Smoking is a risk factor for the most common and important. Work, diet, and exogenous exposure to environmental carcinogens, as well as some lifestyle factors can increase the risk of developing bladder cancer cancer.Bladder is a common malignancy worldwide. smoking, exposure to aromatic amines and arsenic are known risk factors for bladder cancer.
Evidence on the risk factors that can be modified such as exposure to a carcinogen derived from dietary or environmental and occupational hazards are still weak. a medical condition that causes chronic inflammation, insulin resistance change, negative modulate the immune system and / or genetic alterations may play a role in carcinogenesis of bladder cancer. Further studies, however, it is necessary to identify possible risks of exogenous factors, as well as their interaction, which gets a part in carcinogenesis of bladder cancer.
 GeneGlide? RNAi Delivery Control |
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| M1082-10 | Biovision | EUR 237.00 | |
GeneGlide? RNAi Delivery Control |
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| M1082-100 | Biovision | EUR 835.00 | |
GeneGlide? RNAi Delivery Control |
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| M1082-50 | Biovision | EUR 495.00 | |
 T7 RNAi Transcription Kit |
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| TR102-01 | Vazyme | 25 rxn | EUR 256.00 |
T7 RNAi Transcription Kit |
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| TR102-02 | Vazyme | 50 rxn | EUR 404.00 |
 pAd/BLOCK-iT-DEST RNAi Gateway Vector |
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| PVT12297 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 1119.00 |
 dsDNA plasmid |
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| 30R-AD006 | Fitzgerald | 1 mg | EUR 994.00 |
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Description: Double stranded DNA plasmid |
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 pUC118 Plasmid |
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| PVT0002 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pUC19 Plasmid |
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| PVT0003 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pUC119 Plasmid |
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| PVT0004 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pBR322 Plasmid |
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| PVT0009 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pSP64 Plasmid |
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| PVT0013 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pSP73 Plasmid |
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| PVT0014 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pACYC177 Plasmid |
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| PVT0017 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pACYC184 Plasmid |
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| PVT0018 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pBAD18 Plasmid |
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| PVT0708 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pBAD24 Plasmid |
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| PVT0709 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pBAD30 Plasmid |
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| PVT0710 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pBAD33 Plasmid |
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| PVT0711 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pBAD43 Plasmid |
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| PVT0712 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pKJE7 Plasmid |
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| PVT0804 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pTf16 Plasmid |
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| PVT0805 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pTrcHisA Plasmid |
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| PVT0807 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pTrcHisB Plasmid |
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| PVT0808 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pTrcHisC Plasmid |
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| PVT0809 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pTrcHis2A Plasmid |
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| PVT0810 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pTrcHis2C Plasmid |
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| PVT0812 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRSETA Plasmid |
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| PVT0813 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pRSETB Plasmid |
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| PVT0814 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRSETC Plasmid |
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| PVT0815 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pTXB1 Plasmid |
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| PVT0819 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pTYB1 Plasmid |
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| PVT0820 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pTYB2 Plasmid |
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| PVT0821 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pTYB4 Plasmid |
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| PVT0822 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pMCSG9 Plasmid |
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| PVT0823 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 273.00 |
 pMCSG19 Plasmid |
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| PVT0824 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pBV220 Plasmid |
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| PVT0827 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pBV221 Plasmid |
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| PVT0828 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pBV222 Plasmid |
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| PVT0829 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pSUMO Plasmid |
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| PVT0830 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pTWIN1 Plasmid |
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| PVT0832 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pTWIN2 Plasmid |
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| PVT0833 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pDrive Plasmid |
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| PVT0834 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pCDNA3.0 Plasmid |
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| PVT1001 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 Plasmid) pCDNA3.1 (- ) Plasmid |
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| PVT1003 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 Plasmid) pCDNA3.1 (+) Plasmid |
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| PVT1004 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pCDNA4.0 Plasmid |
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| PVT1013 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pCDNA5 Plasmid |
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| PVT1015 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pCDNA5to Plasmid |
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| PVT1016 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pVAX1 Plasmid |
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| PVT1018 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pOG44 Plasmid |
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| PVT1026 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pTT5 Plasmid |
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| PVT1032 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 366.00 |
 pCEP4 Plasmid |
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| PVT1037 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 SuperCos1 Plasmid |
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| PVT1039 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pIRESNeomycin Plasmid |
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| PVT1042 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pIRESNeomycin3 Plasmid |
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| PVT1043 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pN3 Plasmid |
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| PVT1209 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pGL4.15 Plasmid |
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| PVT1310 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pGL4.19 Plasmid |
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| PVT1311 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 psiSTRIKE Plasmid |
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| PVT1319 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 psiCHECK2 Plasmid |
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| PVT1320 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 293.00 |
 pmirGLO Plasmid |
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| PVT1321 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pTRE2pur Plasmid |
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| PVT1402 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pSAM_Cam Plasmid |
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| PVT14727 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
 pFastBacHTC Plasmid |
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| PVT14760 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
 pPZP100 Plasmid |
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| PVT15887 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
 pBI221 Plasmid |
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| PVT15888 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
 pRK793 Plasmid |
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| PVT15907 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pDIRECT_23A Plasmid |
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| PVT15923 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pDIRECT_26G Plasmid |
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| PVT15931 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pUDE731 Plasmid |
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| PVT15961 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pMP2463 Plasmid |
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| PVT15962 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
 RK2 Plasmid |
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| PVT15969 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
 pMES4 Plasmid |
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| PVT15975 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
 pAcGP67B Plasmid |
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| PVT15977 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
 pCDNA3.4 Plasmid |
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| PVT16033 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
 Atre Plasmid |
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| PVT16041 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pBIND Plasmid |
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| PVT1701 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pACT Plasmid |
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| PVT1703 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pG5Luc Plasmid |
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| PVT1705 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pBinGFP2 Plasmid |
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| PVT17080 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
 pXPR_502 Plasmid |
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| PVT17092 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pDONR223_PER1_WT Plasmid |
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| PVT17103 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pCAMBIA1304 Plasmid |
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| PVT17257 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
 pCXSN Plasmid |
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| PVT17258 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
 MC1061 Plasmid |
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| PVT17261 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
 pVLT33 Plasmid |
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| PVT17262 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 474.00 |
pRK793 Plasmid |
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| PVT17265 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
 pSC189 Plasmid |
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| PVT17266 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
pDIRECT_26G Plasmid |
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| PVT17267 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
RK2 Plasmid |
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| PVT17268 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
 pEE6.4 Plasmid |
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| PVT1802 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 928.00 |
 pEE12.4 Plasmid |
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| PVT1803 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 928.00 |
 pAdTrack Plasmid |
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| PVT2001 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 MIGR1 Plasmid |
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| PVT2201 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pLP2 Plasmid |
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| PVT2325 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pUMVC Plasmid |
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| PVT2341 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
pBI221 Plasmid |
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| PVT3006 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 370.00 |
 pCAMBIA0380 Plasmid |
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| PVT3009 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 pCAMBIA1200 Plasmid |
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| PVT3010 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 pCAMBIA1300s Plasmid |
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| PVT3012 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 512.00 |
 pCAMBIA1303 Plasmid |
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| PVT3015 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pCAMBIA1380 Plasmid |
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| PVT3017 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 345.00 |
 pCAMBIA1381 Plasmid |
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| PVT3018 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 345.00 |
 pCAMBIA2200 Plasmid |
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| PVT3019 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pCAMBIA2300 Plasmid |
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| PVT3020 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pCAMBIA2301 Plasmid |
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| PVT3021 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pCAMBIA3301 Plasmid |
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| PVT3023 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pLXSN Plasmid |
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| PVT3028 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pGWB504 Plasmid |
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| PVT3102 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pTRV1 Plasmid |
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| PVT3200 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pTRV2 Plasmid |
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| PVT3201 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pTCK303 Plasmid |
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| PVT3203 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pPIC3.5K Plasmid |
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| PVT4001 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pPIC9k Plasmid |
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| PVT4003 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pPICZA Plasmid |
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| PVT4004 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pPICZB Plasmid |
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| PVT4005 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pGAPZA Plasmid |
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| PVT4009 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pGAPZB Plasmid |
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| PVT4010 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pGAPZC Plasmid |
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| PVT4011 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pGAPZaA Plasmid |
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| PVT4012 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pABAI Plasmid |
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| PVT4022 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pYES2.0 Plasmid |
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| PVT4029 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 266.00 |
 pBridge Plasmid |
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| PVT4034 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 YEP352 Plasmid |
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| PVT4038 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 241.00 |
 pRS313 Plasmid |
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| PVT4039 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRS314 Plasmid |
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| PVT4040 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRS315 Plasmid |
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| PVT4041 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRS316 Plasmid |
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| PVT4042 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRS403 Plasmid |
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| PVT4043 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRS423 Plasmid |
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| PVT4044 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRS424 Plasmid |
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| PVT4045 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
 pRS425 Plasmid |
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| PVT4046 | Lifescience Market | 2 ug | EUR 325.00 |
The Youth Data Center (ADH) is the first and largest data catalog is specially developed to focus on open access of data in adolescents in low and middle income countries (LMICs). Developed by the Population Council Girl Innovation, Research and Education (GIRL) Center, and was launched in August 2018, ADH has grown to include more than 750 data sources in accordance with the inclusion criteria of (1) self-reported data from the female and / or males between the ages of 10 and 24 years; (2) one or more rounds of data collected in 2000 or later; (3) The data collected in one or more LMICs; (4) the data are publicly available for download and use